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The purpose of failure
criteria is to predict or estimate the failure/yield of
machine parts and structural members.
A considerable number of theories have been proposed. However, only the most common and well-tested theories applicable to isotropic materials are discussed here. These theories, dependent on the nature of the material in question (i.e. brittle or ductile), are listed in the following table:
All four criteria are presented in terms of principal stresses. Therefore, all stresses should be transformed to the principal stresses before applying these failure criteria. |
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